High-voltage and low-voltage grid connections for PV power plants differ greatly in multiple aspects. Here’s a concise overview:
Voltage & Application: High-voltage (≥10 kV) connects to the public grid; low-voltage (several hundred V to 1,000 V) connects to the customer side.
Cost & Design: Low-voltage systems are simple with lower initial costs but higher long-term losses; high-voltage (for large plants) has higher initial costs but lower long-term losses.
Loss & Safety: Low-voltage has higher transmission losses but lower safety risks; high-voltage has less loss, requires more protection, and enables remote control.
Grid Adaptability: Low-voltage adapts easily to small/distributed grids; high-voltage (for large plants) needs grid operator coordination.
Conclusion: PV plants >2 MWp use high-voltage; <2 MWp use low-voltage. Future tech will improve efficient grid connection for all scales.
